https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50889 Wed 16 Aug 2023 11:05:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29607 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:19:15 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48772 Wed 05 Apr 2023 14:02:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48754 Wed 05 Apr 2023 13:48:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46292 n = 51). Participants completed an online survey that consisted of fixed-responses and free-text components to assess their knowledge, attitudes and current practices relating to dementia risk factors and risk reduction techniques. The results showed that Australian primary healthcare providers have good knowledge about the modifiable risk factors for dementia; however, face several barriers to working with patients to reduce dementia risk. Commonly reported barriers included low patient motivation and healthcare system level limitations. The most commonly reported recommendations to helping primary healthcare providers to work with patients to reduce dementia risk included increasing resources and improving dementia awareness and messaging. While the results need to be interpreted in the context of the limitations of this study, we conclude that collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, policy makers and the media are needed to support the uptake of risk reduction activities in primary care settings.]]> Tue 15 Nov 2022 08:50:49 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43115 Portunus armatus) is a widely distributed species that has been identified as a candidate for stock enhancement; however, the release strategy and ecological impact of releases have not yet been assessed. Here, we (1) quantify the bioenergetics of blue swimmer crab, (2) estimate consumption rates, and (3) develop these relationships in a stocking model to assess appropriate release densities and associated trophic impacts. Static respirometry was used to measure the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of blue swimmer crab at three temperatures (19, 24, and 29°C). RMR was found to increase with temperature (Q₁₀ = 2.32), and was 73% higher when crabs were at a premoult or moulting stage. Parameters derived from respirometry experiments were applied to estimate blue swimmer crab stocking density in a south-eastern Australian estuary, by adapting an existing production-based simulation model. The model estimated a median stocking density of ~1.2 crabs per 100 m². A sensitivity analysis showed that the growth rate was the most influential parameter in this model, showing the importance of this parameter when assessing stocking scenarios.]]> Tue 13 Sep 2022 14:23:56 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39495 Crocodylus porosus as a tractable model for understanding crocodilian sperm physiology. In extending our systematic characterisation of saltwater crocodile spermatozoa, in this study we examined the development of motility during sperm transport through the excurrent duct system of the male crocodile. The results show that approximately 20% of crocodile testicular spermatozoa are immediately motile but experience a gradient of increasing motility (percentage motile and rate of movement) as they transit the male reproductive tract (epididymis). Moreover, we confirmed that, as in ejaculated crocodile spermatozoa, increased intracellular cAMP levels promoted a significant and sustained enhancement of sperm motility regardless of whether the cells were isolated from the testis or epididymis. Along with the development of artificial reproductive technologies, this research paves the way for the opportunistic recovery, storage and potential utilisation of post-mortem spermatozoa from genetically valuable animals.]]> Tue 09 Aug 2022 14:34:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55007 Thu 28 Mar 2024 13:58:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33537 Thu 14 Apr 2022 11:03:50 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29860 Thu 14 Apr 2022 11:01:10 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49316 Thu 11 May 2023 14:53:03 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29688 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis limits population recovery and conservation actions for threatened amphibians. As such, the effect of reservoirs on disease risk within host community assemblages needs to be considered, but rarely is. Aims: In this study we aimed to determine if amphibian species co-occurring with the green and golden bell frog Litoria aurea, a declining species susceptible to B. dendrobatidis, act as alternate hosts. Methods: We quantified B. dendrobatidis infection levels, sub-lethal effects on body condition and terminal signs of disease in amphibian communities on Kooragang Island and Sydney Olympic Park in New South Wales, Australia, where two of the largest remaining L. aurea populations persist. Key results: We found L. aurea carried infections at a similar prevalence (6–38%) to alternate species. Infection loads ranged widely (0.01–11 107.3 zoospore equivalents) and L. aurea differed from only one alternate host species (higher median load in Litoria fallax) at one site. There were no terminal or sub-lethal signs of disease in any species co-occurring with L. aurea. Conclusion: Our results suggest that co-occurring species are acting as alternate hosts to L. aurea and whether their presence dilutes or amplifies B. dendrobatidis in the community is a priority for future research. Implications: For L. aurea and many other susceptible species, confirming the existence of reservoir hosts and understanding their role in community disease dynamics will be important for optimising the outcomes of threat mitigation and habitat creation initiatives for their long-term conservation.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:49 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29568 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:37:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30601 −1 (fast freeze) or −6.0°C min⁻¹ (slow freeze). Post-thaw survival was highest with a combination of 0.2 M sucrose and 0.68 M glycerol and when these cryoprotectants were washed out with BWWCAP, regardless of whether spermatozoa were frozen using a fast (motility 14.2 ± 4.7%; PI 20.7 ± 2.0%) or slow (motility 12.0 ± 2.7%; PI 22 ± 4%) cryopreservation rate.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30564 2O conversion reactions within a temperature range of 300–600°C. These reactions were examined in a fixed bed tubular reactor. ZSM-5 (Si/ Al = 15), TS-1, and amorphous silicates were used as catalyst supports for cobalt loadings. All catalysts were prepared by following standard methods and recipes. In general, cobalt loading on supports was varied between 0.78 and 5.40 wt.-% (as determined from inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis). ICP, temperature programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction, and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms were used for the characterization of prepared catalysts. Cobalt on ZSM-5 support generates weak and strong acid sites. Furthermore, for the Co-ZSM-5 catalyst, prepared by a wet deposition method, the N₂O decomposition reaction is first order with an activation energy of ~132 kJ mol⁻¹. Co²⁺ and Co³⁺ are the suggested active species for the N₂O conversions in the studied range of temperatures.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51077 Mon 21 Aug 2023 11:09:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29467 Fri 22 Apr 2022 10:23:01 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42181 18 years (n = 191) at one regional hospital in New South Wales, Australia. Rates of completion of an ACD and appointment of an EG were 20% (n = 37) and 35% (n = 67) respectively. The most common reason for non-completion of an ACD and not appointing an EG was: 'didn't think I needed this'. Younger age was associated with not having appointed an EG (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.2-12.1, P = 0.02). No sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with non-completion of ACDs. Uptake of ACP is suboptimal among outpatients. Community-based healthcare providers are well positioned to promote ACP with outpatients.]]> Fri 19 Aug 2022 09:43:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41766 Fri 12 Aug 2022 11:49:19 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30138 Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) community and clinic screening data for Aboriginal people aged 15-34 years, 2006-2009, were used. Regression analyses assessed predictors of the first test occurring in the community screen, positivity and repeat testing. Results: A total of 2792 individuals had 9402 tests (median: four per person) over 4 years. Approximately half of the individuals (54%) were tested in the community and clinic approaches combined, 29% (n=806) in the community screen only and 18% (n=490) in the clinic only. Having the first test in a community screen was associated with being male and being aged 15-19 years. There was no difference between community and clinic approaches in CT or NG positivity at first test. More than half (55%) of individuals had a repeat test within 2-15 months and of these, 52% accessed different approaches at each test. The only independent predictor of repeat testing was being 15-19 years. Conclusions: STI screening is an important PHC activity and the findings highlight the need for further support for clinics to reach young people. The community screen approach was shown to be a useful complementary approach; however, cost and sustainability need to be considered.]]> Fri 06 Oct 2017 09:16:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29199 Myoporaceae, which includes the genus Myoporum, are extremely prized by the Australian Aboriginal people for their medicinal properties. Leaves from a plant, which was subsequently identified as Myoporum montanum, were provided for chemical investigation by representatives of an Aboriginal community from the Northern Tablelands district of northern New South Wales, Australia. Acetone extraction of the leaves provided a complex mixture of compounds including sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and more polar furanosesquiterpenes, which were identified by gas-liquid chromatography and retention indices (sesquiterpene hydrocarbons) and spectrometric techniques (furanosesquiterpenes). The major compounds found in a water extract were studied for their antibacterial activity using a disc diffusion assay and for their cell growth inhibition activity. The acetone extract contained sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (~30% of the total extract) in which the major compounds were germacrene-D and bicyclogermacrene. In addition, the extract contained five known toxic furanosesquiterpenes: myoporum ketol, (-)-10,11-dehydroisomyodesmone, (+)-10,11-dehydromyodesmone, 10,11-dehydromyoporum ketol, (-)-10,11-dehydromyoporone, and (±)-myoporone. An aqueous extract of the leaves, emulating the medicinal tea used by the Australian Aboriginal community, was found not to contain significant quantities of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and the most toxic furanosesquiterpenes. (±)-Myoporone and (-)-10,11-dehydromyoporone remained in the extract as well as a new furanosesquiterpene, 11-hydroxymyoporone. These three compounds were found to have significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Moraxella catarrhalis but low cytotoxicity against a range of cancer cell lines and normal breast cells at 25µM.]]> Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:25:59 AEDT ]]>